一、三种技术的基本原理

1、 Basic principles of three technologies

吸附法

adsorption method

利用活性炭、分子筛等多孔材料对油气中的有机物具有选择性吸附的特性，将油气中的烃类物质截留在吸附剂表面，净化后的气体排放。吸附剂饱和后，通过减压或升温进行脱附再生，脱附出的高浓度油气再通过吸收或冷凝方式回收为液态油品。

Utilizing porous materials such as activated carbon and molecular sieves to selectively adsorb organic compounds in oil and gas, hydrocarbon substances in oil and gas are trapped on the surface of the adsorbent, resulting in purified gas emissions. After the adsorbent is saturated, desorption regeneration is carried out by reducing pressure or increasing temperature. The high concentration oil and gas desorbed are then recovered into liquid oil products through absorption or condensation.

一句话理解：像海绵吸水一样，把油气“吸”在吸附剂里，再“挤”出来回收。

One sentence understanding: Like a sponge absorbing water, it "sucks" oil and gas into the adsorbent, and then "squeezes" them out for recycling.

冷凝法

Condensation method

利用不同烃类物质在不同温度下饱和蒸气压不同的原理，通过多级降温（通常为一级5℃、二级-35℃、三级-75℃），使油气中的有机物逐级液化，回收为液态油品，剩余气体排放。

By utilizing the principle that different hydrocarbon substances have different saturated vapor pressures at different temperatures, the organic matter in oil and gas is gradually liquefied through multi-stage cooling (usually 5 ℃ for the first stage, -35 ℃ for the second stage, and -75 ℃ for the third stage), recovered into liquid oil products, and the remaining gas is discharged.

一句话理解：像冬天窗户上结露一样，把油气“冻”成液体收回来。

One sentence interpretation: Like condensation on a winter window, freeze oil and gas into liquid and retrieve it.

膜分离法

membrane separation method

利用特殊制备的高分子膜对油气中不同组分的渗透速率差异，让油气在压力驱动下通过膜组件。烃类物质（渗透慢）被截留在膜的高压侧，空气（渗透快）透过膜进入低压侧，从而实现分离。截留侧的高浓度油气再返回储罐或进一步回收。

Utilizing specially prepared polymer membranes to differentiate the permeation rates of different components in oil and gas, allowing oil and gas to pass through the membrane module under pressure. Hydrocarbons (slow permeation) are trapped on the high-pressure side of the membrane, while air (fast permeation) passes through the membrane and enters the low-pressure side, thereby achieving separation. The high concentration oil and gas on the interception side can be returned to the storage tank or further recovered.

一句话理解：像筛子筛面粉一样，让空气“穿过去”，把油气“留下来”。

One sentence interpretation: Like sifting flour through a sieve, allowing air to "pass through" and leaving oil and gas behind.